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BENGALURU AND HYDERABAD ARE THE WORST FOR COMMUTERS

By Apurva Venkat, Bangalore Mirror | Mar 29, 2016, 

CO2 levels higher in IT cities due to employees travelling to work and back over long periods



Bengaluru generates the second-highest amount of CO2 emissions during travel between work and home, says an international study.

The recently-released study titled, "Urban CO2 emissions in Xi'an and Bangalore by commuters: Implications for controlling urban transportation carbon dioxide emissions in developing countries," aimed to analyse the characteristics and changing trends of the emissions termed 'commute CO2 emissions', and to identify strategies for reducing these and mitigating climate change.

In a research done by scientists from the Indian Institute of Science (Bengaluru), the University of Melbourne, Australia and Chang'an University, China, it was found that Bengaluru has 43. 83 per cent commute emission which was second only to Hyderabad's 56. 86 per cent.

The researcher say that out of all the cities the research was conducted in, it was observed that cities that had a higher IT population were more inclined to have higher CO2 emissions.

The research report that was released on Monday said, "The sector-wise carbon emissions analyses reveal relatively higher share for transportation sector in IT giants of India - Bengaluru and Hyderabad."

TV Ramachandra, one of the researches from IISc, said, "There is a lack of end-to-end, affordable public transport. The current BMTC buses are not affordable. I say this because even if there are three people in an auto that charges double fare, it would be cheaper than taking a bus. This is the reason that people prefer private vehicles." Ramachandra said another factor contributing to the CO2 emission was the more dispersed and extensive urban sprawl, and the prevalence of gasoline-fuelled two-wheeler motorbikes causing higher emissions. "This is followed by car availability, higher household income, living outside Outer Ring Road, distances from the bus stops, and other significant factors."


Proposed solutions

Several strategies were proposed to reduce the CO2 emissions like introducing a better public transport system, encouraging carpooling and having monorail connectivity throughout the city. Ramachandra said, "If there is affordable public transport, most IT employees will use it. Two-wheelers create health hazard risks as well as accidents. Every employee wants to be safe, and relaxed public transport assures them that." The research also states that in Bengaluru, it is necessary to improve the public transit service and increase the bus-stop coverage. 
How the research was conducted

The researchers collected study data from surveys in urban areas of more than 10 cities in India, as well as similarly growing cities in China , such as Xi'an. Commuting mode, trip distance, commuting frequency, household and workplace location data were collected. Socio-economic data like annual income, household tenure, car availability, age, work-type and education level of the household members were also collected. This spatial data was analysed through open source GIS (Geographic Information System) and developed models to investigate the factors that affected emissions.


How this study affects you
Dr Sandeep HS, consultant pulmonologist at a city-based hospital, said, "If the carbon dioxide level in the body increases, a compound is created that decreases the affinity of the body to absorb oxygen. It also leads to acid imbalance in the body." He added that the only way to protect oneself from CO2 was by reducing pollution levels. "The masks available in the market do not offer good protection against CO2."
Bengalureans, meanwhile, can't wait for better intra-city network. Tinu Cherian, a marketing professional, said, "I live in Whitefield, and I drive to the Baiyappanahalli metro station, park my vehicle there, and then leave for MG road in the metro. Had there been connectivity all along, I would have happily used that." 

Another factor that affects the average citizen is that the companies are located on the outskirts. Kunwar Prithvi Singh Chauhan, CEO of Anamika Info Technology, said, "Typically, all IT companies are located in one area, but the employees are located all over the city. In my case, even though there are buses between JP Nagar and Bellandur, they don't have the capacity to accommodate commuters." Chauhan said he took autos and private vehicles to work, but would have preferred a better-organised public transport system.

For choreographer Utkarsha Ambekar, the main problem is end-to-end connectivity. "BMTC buses do not run on all routes and the metro rail is opened only in phases. I come from Mumbai, where the public transport is very well-established and is also cheaper. I personally feel the system needs to improve a lot in Bengaluru."



Breathe at own risk 

1. Hyderabad 2. Bangalore 3. Mumbai 4. Hyderabad 5. Kolkata 6. Chennai 7. Ahemdabad 8. Nagpur 9. Pune 10. Vizag 
(Hyderabad is repeated twice ?!,) Again below : ---RP 


Cities where CO2 was measured 

1) Hyderabad 2) Bangalore 3) Mumbai 4) Hyderabad 5) Kolkata 6) Chennai 7) Ahemdabad 8) Nagpur 9) Pune 10) Vishakapatnam

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