Friday 18 October 2019

[www.keralites.net] : WHY DO SENIOR CITIZENS FALL?.......Interesting.

 




    
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WHY DO SENIOR CITIZENS FALL?
            HOW CAN WE PREVENT ACCIDENTS?
         
An interesting note on the subject mentioned therein--useful for kal  aaj  aur   kal population ,for knowing the origin of the problem they have/may have, for preparing themselves about what they may have to face in future, and for educating themselves to develop a sympathetic attitude towards persons facing  this problem in their circles respectively.
 
By Dr.Achala Balasuriya MD
Consultant Physician
(Special Interest- Elderly Care medicine)

Falls among elders is a common cause of morbidity , hospitalization , disability and death. Nearly a third of the elderly have falls that trigger a chain of events that usually have them succumb to the situation or leave them bed-ridden till the end comes. With age, the ability of the body to heal itself reduces considerably and the immunity drops. The muscles and ligaments tend to get more lax with bones becoming more brittle and porous.Under these circumstances, even a trivial looking fall may prove fatal.
Common causes of fallsReduced muscle strength, coordination and reflexes Poor sensation in the lower extremities due to diabetes or degenerative conditionsPoor balance due to neurological diseases, hypothyroidism or ear problems Poor visionPostural drop in blood pressure Seizure disorders Strokes, transient ischemic attacksAbnormalities of cardiac rhythmMultiple medication useEnvironmental hazards eg poor lightning ,carpets, rugs, clutter etc. *Osteoporosis*
Osteoporosis is a one major risk factor for falls. What is debatable is whether brittle bones break after a fall, or break when stressedand in turn cause a fall. In either event, a decrease in bone densitycontributes to falls and resultant injuriesOsteoporosis is a condition wherein bones become more porous, less resistant to stress, and more prone to fractures. Caused by hormonal changes, calcium and vitamin D deficiency, and a decrease in physicalactivity, osteoporosis is a chief cause of fractures in older adults, especially among women.
Prevention Tips
"Eat or drink sufficient calcium. Postmenopausal women need 1,500 mg of calcium daily. Calcium-rich foods include milk, yoghurt, cheese, fish andshellfish, selected vegetables such as broccoli, soybeans, tofu and almonds."Get sufficient Vitamin D in order to enhance the absorption of calcium into the bloodstream. Vitamin D is formed naturally in the body after exposure to sunlight, but some older adults may need a supplement."Regularly do weight-bearing exercise. 
Lack of Physical Activity
Failure to exercise regularly results in poor muscle tone, decreased strength, and loss of bone mass and flexibility. All contribute to falls and the severity of injury due to falls.
Prevention Tips"Engage regularly (e.g., every other day for about 15 minutes daily) in exercise designed to increase muscle and bone strength, and to improve balance and flexibility."Undertake daily activities in a safe manner, such as reaching and bending properly, taking time to recover balance when rising from a chair or bed, learning the proper way to fall, and learning how to recover after a fall."Wear proper fitting, supportive shoes with low heels or rubber soles. Impaired Vision
Age-related vision diseases can increase the risk of falling.Cataracts and glaucoma alter older people's depth perception, visual acuity, peripheral vision and susceptibility to glare. Theselimitations hinder their ability to safely negotiate their environment, whether it be in their own home or in a shopping mall.Young people use visual cues to perceive an imminent fall and takecorrective action. Older adults with visual impairments do not have this advantage to the same extent. Prevention Tips"Have regular checkups by an ophthalmologist to discern the extent of age-related eye diseases such as cataracts and glaucoma, mascular degeneration etc."Use colour and contrast to define balance-aiding objects in the home(e.g., grab bars and handrails).Add contrasting colour strips to first and last steps to identify change of level."Clean eye glasses often to improve visibility.
*Medications*People taking multiple medications are at greater risk of falling Sedatives, anti-depressants, and anti-psychotic drugs can contribute to falls by reducing mental alertness, worsening balance and gait, and causing drops in systolic blood pressure while standing. 
Prevention Tips"Know the common side effects of all medications taken."Talk with your physician or pharmacist about ways to reduce your chances of falling by using the lowest effective dosage, regularly assessing the need for continued medication, and the need for walking aids while taking medications that affect balance."Remove all out-of-date medications and those no longer in use.Limit intake of alcohol as it may interact with medication Environmental Hazards. IndoorsAt least one-third of all falls in the elderly involve environmental hazards in the home. The most common hazard for falls is tripping over objects on the floor. Other factors include poor lighting, loose rugs, lack  of grab bars or poorly located/mounted grab bars, and unsturdy furniture. 
Prevention Tips
It is useful to conduct a walk-through of your home to identifypossible problems that may lead to falling. 
*Outdoors*
Repair cracks and abrupt edges of sidewalks and driveways.Install handrails on stairs and steps.Keep floor dry, devoid of wet areas and greasy surfaces.Keep walk areas clear of clutter, rocks and mud.Install adequate lighting by doorways and along walkways leading to doors,gates.
*Indoors* Ensure adequate lightning inside the house.Remove unnecessary furniture and over crowding.Keep floor dry and clean and devoid of wires, toys etcIndicate steps, stairs by painting in contrasting colours.If person has had a fall, he should get him self properly checked out by a physician to assess the risks of falling again and to ensure safety at home. When  you go to see the doctor after a fall please remember to tell the doctor about all your current medications and medical conditions.
 







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[www.keralites.net] Bananas Must read

 




    
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A professor at CCNY for a physiological psych class told his class about bananas. He said the expression 'going bananas' is from the effects of bananas on the brain. Read on:


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Never, put your banana in the refrigerator!!!
This is interesting.

After reading this, you'll never look at a banana in the same way again.


Bananas contain three natural sugars - sucrose, fructose and glucose combined with fiber. A banana gives an instant, sustained and substantial boost of energy.

Research has proven that just two bananas provide enough energy for a strenuous 90-minute workout. No wonder the banana is the number one fruit with the world's leading athletes.

But energy isn't the only way a banana can help us keep fit.
It can also help overcome or prevent a substantial number of illnesses and conditions, making it a must to add to our daily diet.


Depression: According to a recent survey undertaken by MIND amongst people suffering from depression, many felt much better after eating a banana. This is because bananas contain tryptophan, a type of protein that the body converts into serotonin, known to make you relax, improve your mood and generally make you feel happier.�/span>

PMS:
Forget the pills - eat a banana. The vitamin B6 it contains regulates blood glucose levels, which can affect your mood.

Anemia :
High in iron, bananas can stimulate the production of hemoglobin in the blood and so helps in cases of anemia.

Blood Pressure:
This unique tropical fruit is extremely high in potassium yet low in salt, making it perfect to beat blood pressure. So much so, the US Food and Drug Administration has just allowed the banana industry to make official claims for the fruit's ability to reduce the risk of blood pressure and stroke.


Brain Power: 200 students at a Twickenham (Middlesex) school ( England ) were helped through their exams this year by eating bananas at breakfast, break, and lunch in a bid to boost their brain power. Research has shown that the potassium-packed fruit can assist learning by making pupils more alert.

Constipation:
High in fiber, including bananas in the diet can help restore normal bowel action, helping to overcome the problem without resorting to laxatives.�/span>

Hangovers:
One of the quickest ways of curing a hangover is to make a banana milkshake, sweetened with honey.. The banana calms the stomach and, with the help of the honey, builds up depleted blood sugar levels, while the milk soothes and re-hydrates your system.
Heartburn:
Bananas have a natural antacid effect in the body, so if you suffer from heartburn, try eating a banana for soothing relief.


Morning Sickness: Snacking on bananas between meals helps to keep blood sugar levels up and avoid morning sickness.

Mosquito bites:
Before reaching for the insect bite cream, try rubbing the affected area with the inside of a banana skin. Many people find it amazingly successful at reducing swelling and irritation.

Nerves:
Bananas are high in B vitamins that help calm the nervous system..


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Overweight and at work? Studies at the Institute of Psychology in Austria found pressure at work leads to gorging on comfort food like chocolate and chips. Looking at 5,000 hospital patients, researchers found the most obese were more likely to be in high-pressure jobs. The report concluded that, to avoid panic-induced food cravings, we need to control our blood sugar levels by snacking on high carbohydrate foods every two hours to keep levels steady.�/span>

Ulcers:
 The banana is used as the dietary food against intestinal disorders because of its soft texture and smoothness. It is the only raw fruit that can be eaten without distress in over-chronicler cases. It also neutralizes over-acidity and reduces irritation by coating the lining of the stomach.

Temperature control:
Many other cultures see bananas as a 'cooling' fruit that can lower both the physical and emotional temperature of expectant mothers. In Thailand , for example, pregnant women eat bananas to ensure their baby is born with a cool temperature.


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Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD): Bananas can help SAD sufferers because they contain the natural mood enhancer tryptophan.

Smoking &Tobacco Use:
Bananas can also help people trying to give up smoking. The B6, B12 they contain, as well as the potassium and magnesium found in them, help the body recover from the effects of nicotine withdrawal.

Stress:
Potassium is a vital mineral, which helps normalize the heartbeat, sends oxygen to the brain and regulates your body's water balance. When we are stressed, our metabolic rate rises, thereby reducing our potassium levels. These can be rebalanced with the help of a high-potassium banana snack.

Strokes:
According to research in The New England Journal of Medicine, eating bananas as part of a regular diet can cut the risk of death by strokes by as much as 40%!

Warts:
Those keen on natural alternatives swear that if you want to kill off a wart, take a piece of banana skin and place it on the wart, with the yellow side out. Carefully hold the skin in place with a plaster or surgical tape!


So, a banana really is a natural remedy for many ills. When you compare it to an apple, it has four times the protein, twice the carbohydrate, three times the phosphorus, five times the vitamin A and iron, and twice the other vitamins and minerals. It is also rich in potassium and is one of the best value foods around So maybe its time to change that well-known phrase so that we say, 'A banana a day keeps the doctor away!'

PASS IT ON TO YOUR FRIENDS

PS: Bananas must be the reason monkeys are so happy all the time! I will add one here; want a quick shine on our shoes?? Take the INSIDE of the banana skin, and rub directly on the shoe...polish with dry cloth. Amazing fruit
!!!

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