Email OF The Day

Tuesday, 2 July 2013

[www.keralites.net] Ensuring Safety for Kids at Home

Your kids are a great blessing. You can be more patient for a mishap that happens to you but when it comes to your kids, you are very sensitive and cannot see them in pain, tragedy or chronic sickness. Below are some of the tips through which you can avoid several emergency situations popping up when your kids are at home:

1- Don't allow kids to go to washrooms alone till they clearly understand the usage of hot and cold water taps.
2- Keep medicines away from your kids. Recently a friend of mine had to take his daughter to hospital in emergency as she ate 10+ tablets from the shelf. Although the hospital washed her stomach but did not take any responsibility for any mishap. My friend has to sign the disclaimer which stated that in case of any mishap the whole responsibility would be on the parents.
3- Don't put chairs or sofas near windows, especially if you are living in flats. We have read so many news about kids death falling from windows.
4- Consider windows/doors closing brackets. If you have IKEA in your area, buy one from there.

5- If you have sharp edged dining or lounge tables, consider rubber based edge protectors. (Visit IKEA)

6- Keep the match or lighter away from the stove.
7- Keep the knives, scissors and other sharp edge cutlery away from the reach of kids.
8- Cleaning agents (floor cleaners, crockery cleaners, toilet antiseptics etc) must be out of reach. Be sure to close the bottles tightly. Toddlers have the tendency of putting everything in mouth.

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[www.keralites.net] Sensitive LPG Leakage Alarm

Sensitive LPG Leakage Alarm

Here is an ultra-sensitive LPG sensor that   generates loud beeps when it senses any gas leakage. It detects vapours   of liquefied petroleum gas anywhere between 200 and 10,000 ppm and   drives a piezobuzzer to catch attention for immediate action. The buzzer   beeps until the concentration of gas in the air decreases to a safe   level. The circuit uses an MQ6 gas sensor, which is designed to sense   LPG, propane and isobutane gases.

Circuit and working
Fig.   1 shows the circuit of the LPG sensor. The circuit is built around 5V   voltage regulator 7805 (IC1),  gas sensor MQ6 (GS1), counter IC 4060   (IC2) and a few discrete components.

Fig. 1: Circuit of the sensitive LPG sensor

GS1 is a six-pin gas sensor that can detect very small traces of LPG in the air and has a swift response time. However, it has very less sensitivity to alcohol and smoke. The sensor's output is in the form of resistance.

As indicated in Fig. 1, the pins of GSI are H, A and B, two each on either side. H pins are for the heater with no polarity. Input pins A or B and output pins A or B can be connected either way round.

The coil heater inside the sensor can be easily heated with 5V DC. If pin A is connected to 5V DC through variable resistor VR1, use pin B as the output or vice versa. Both A and B pins can be shorted. In short, H pins are connected to positive and negative rails, A or B pin to 5V DC, and B or A for output.

The resistance value of GSI is different for various kinds and concentration of gases. So when using this sensor, sensitivity arrangement is very important. For accurate detection, it is necessary to calibrate the sensor for 1000 ppm of LPG concentration in the air with load resistance of about 20 kilo-ohms. (In the datasheet, the load resistance range of MQ6 is mentioned as 10 kilo-ohms to 47 kilo-ohms.)

Preset VR1 is used to adjust the sensitivity of the sensor to a particular gas concentration. Output from the sensor is connected to the base of transistor T1, which acts as a switch to trigger the alarm generator built around IC2.

IC2 is a binary counter IC that oscillates using capacitor C2 and resistor R5. Transistor T1 controls the reset pin (pin 12) of IC2. When the reset pin is high IC2 does not oscillate, and when this pin goes low IC2 starts oscillating.

Working of the circuit is simple. When the sensor detects LPG in the air, its output becomes high and transistor T1 conducts to make reset pin of IC2 low. This triggers IC2 to oscillate, which is indicated by LED1. After a few seconds, the buzzer starts beeping to indicate gas leakage.

The circuit works off 12V DC from a battery (BATT.1) or you can use an adaptor. IC1 provides regulated 5V DC supply for the sensor and IC2.

Construction and testing
An actual-size, single-side PCB for sensitive LPG sensor is shown in Fig. 2 and its component layout in Fig. 3. After assembling the circuit on a PCB, enclose it in a suitable case with an opening to allow the gas to enter. Place the unit near the LPG cylinder or gas stove within a distance of one metre. Vary preset VR1 to adjust the sensitivity of the sensor.

Fig. 2: An actual-size, single-side PCB for sensitive LPG sensor

Fig. 3: Component layout for the PCB

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[www.keralites.net] TODAY'S MESSAGE FROM TRICHY PRASANNAN

TODAY'S MESSAGE FROM TRICHY PRASANNAN

regards

Trichy Na Prasannan, Trichy, Tamil Nadu
9941505431, 9488019015

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[www.keralites.net] Obstacles on our Path !!!

OBSTACLES ON OUR PATH

In ancient times, a King had a boulder placed on a roadway. Then he hid himself and watched to see if anyone would remove the huge rock. Some of the king's wealthiest merchants and courtiers came by and simply walked around it. Many loudly blamed the King for not keeping the roads clear, but none did anything about getting the stone out of the way.

Then a poor farmer came along carrying a load of vegetables. Upon approaching the boulder, the he laid down his burden and tried to move the stone to the side of the road. After much pushing and straining, he finally succeeded After the farmer picked up his load of vegetables, he noticed a purse lying in the road where the boulder had been. The purse contained many gold coins and a note from the King indicating that the gold was for the person who removed the boulder from the roadway.

PONDER CONSIDER

Between the great things we cannot do and the small things we will not do, the danger is that we shall do nothing.

Adolph Monod

The farmer learned what many others never understand, that every obstacle, every single crisis, the storms in life and all experiences of adversity present an opportunity for growth.

In life, we are presented with similar obstacles. Whether we blame someone for it and complain about it or like the farmer we take responsibility for it
is a matter of choice.

If we are wise and take up responsibility for the obstacles presented to us,
we are sure to "find gold"
once the obstacle is gone!

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