Thaipusam or Thaipoosam (Tamil: தைப்பூசம், Taippūcam ?)(Malayalam: തൈപ്പൂയം,Thaippūyam) is a Hindu festival celebrated mostly by the Tamil community on the full moon in the Tamil month of Thai (January/February).
In 2017, the date of Thaipusam Festival is 9th Feb in T N and some part of Kerala it is on 10th February, Friday.
It is mainly observed in countries where there is a significant presence of Tamil community such as India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Mauritius Singapore, South Africa, Guadeloupe, Réunion, Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, Jamaica, and other parts of the Caribbean.
The word Thaipusam is a combination of the name of the month, Thai, and the name of a star, Pusam. This particular star is at its highest point during the festival. The festival commemorates the occasion when Parvati gave Murugan a Vel "spear" so he could vanquish the evil demon Soorapadman. It is commonly believed that Thaipusam marks Murugan's birthday; Some other sources suggest that Vaikhasi Vishakam, which falls in the Vaikhasi month (May/June), is Murugan's birthday.
This festival was created during one of the battles between the Asuras (or to be more specific Soorapadman) and the Devas. At one point, the latter were defeated several times by the former. The Devas were unable to resist the onslaught of the Asura forces. In despair, they approached Shiva and entreated to give them an able leader under whose heroic leadership they might obtain victory over the Asuras. They surrendered themselves completely and prayed to Shiva. Shiva granted their request by creating the mighty warrior, Skanda, out of his own power or Achintya Shakti. He at once assumed leadership of the celestial forces, inspired them and defeated the Asura forces and to recognise that day the people created the festival, Thaipusam.
According to Skanda Puranam, the legend of Murugan, and Thirupugal which are divine verses on Murugan, adhere to Shaivam principles. Murugan is the embodiment of Shiva's light and wisdom and devotees pray to him to overcome the obstacles they face, as He is the divine vanquisher of evil. The motive of Thaipusam festival is to pray to God to receive his grace so that bad traits are destroyed.
Thai Pusam Festival in Murugan Temples
The temples dedicated to Lord Muruga, especially the 'Arupadai Veedu in Tamilnadu' (six holy abodes), bear a festive look on Thai Poosam day.
However, Thaipusam festival at Palani Temple is well-renowned than any other Murugan temples. In Palani, Thaipusam is celebrated as a ten-day festival in a grand manner. Large numbers of devotees flock here and carry Kavadi.
The Murugan Temple at Batu Caves, near Kuala Lumpur, attracts millions of devotees during this occasion. The procession starts at the Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Kuala Lumpur, and continues for 15 kilometers to the caves, concluding in a flight of 272 steps to the top.
Kukke Subramanya Temple in Karnataka and Thiruchendur Murugan Temple in Thiruchendur also celebrates Thaipooyam festival with much religious importance.
At Udayanapuram Subramanya Temple in Vaikom of Kerala, Thaipusam festival is conducted with Kavadis, wherein the devotees take Panchamritha Kavadi, Paal Kaavadi and Bhasma Kavadi.
The Utsava moorthy (procession idol) is taken in procession on a vahanam (mount) at the Satyavageeswara Temple located in Karamana of Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. A ritual called Nel (Paddy) Parai Alappu or Nel alavu, is performed for prosperity.
The Kavadi Attam ("Burden Dance", also written as cavadee) is the ceremonial sacrifice and offering performed by devotees during the worship of Murugan, the Hindu God of War. It is often performed during the festival of Thaipusam and emphasises debt bondage. The Kavadi itself is a physical burden through which the devotees implore for help from the God Murugan.
Devotees prepare for the celebration by cleansing themselves through prayer and fasting approximately 48 days before Thaipusam. Kavadi-bearers have to perform elaborate ceremonies at the time of assuming the kavadi and at the time of offering it to Murugan. The kavadi-bearer observes celibacy and take only pure, Satvik food, once a day, while continuously thinking of God. On the day of the festival, devotees will shave their heads and undertake a pilgrimage along a set route while engaging in various acts of devotion, notably carrying various types of kavadi (burdens). At its simplest this may entail carrying a pot of milk, but mortification of the flesh by piercing the skin, tongue or cheeks with vel skewers is also common. The simplest kavadi is a semicircular decorated canopy supported by a wooden rod that is carried on the shoulders, to the temple. In addition, some have a small spear through their tongue, or a spear through the cheeks.".
Outside India, Thaipusam celebrations take place in USA, Mauritius, Malaysia and Singapore.
It is a public holiday in several states in Malaysia. In Malaysia, the temple at Batu Caves, near Kuala Lumpur & Arulmigu Balathandayuthapani Temple, Penang near George Town, Penang & Nattukkottai Chettiar Temple, Penang , often attracts over one million devotees and tens of thousands of tourists.
In Singapore, Hindu devotees start their procession at the Sri Srinivasa Perumal Temple in the early morning, carrying milk pots as offerings or attaching "kavadis" and spikes pierced on their body. The procession travels for 4 kilometres before finishing at Tank Road, Sri Thendayuthapani Temple.
In the USA the Concord Shiva Murugan Temple celebrates the Thaipoosam preceded by walk. Some people walk more than 46 miles from Fremont, California and some walk 21 miles from San Ramon, California to Concord and most walk 7 miles from Walden park, Walnut Creek to Concord. Over 2000 people participated in the walk for last several years.
